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132 การศึกษาการป้องกันวิกฤตสังคมในอนาคต
Impacts from Issues
(1) Demonstrations by the villagers. When their livelihoods were
affected, villagers were pressured to express demand rights in many ways
such as by protesting or filing complaints. The struggle of Pak Mun villagers
before and after the dam was built led to the creation of a people’s
group in named the Assembly of the Poor, which has become a network
of poor villagers affected by state development projects in the matter
of competing for natural resources, dams, forests, land, policies, laws,
government development projects, etc.
(2) Conflicts among people in society. Environmental injustice
leads to conflict among people in society both locally and nationally.
For example, the Pak Mun Dam villagers had conflict with the state over
government policy of building dams for electricity and irrigation. Those in
charge of the project used these needs as an excuse for not complying
with the demands of the community. The case of Bang Kloi reflects the
division of ideas in society. Violation of human and community rights in
the forest area was rationalized by invoking conservation concepts.
(3) Environmental, economic, and social impacts. The results of
government policies and implementations cause environmental impacts
and continually affect people living around the area.
