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from serving customers for sit-down dining between 7:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m.
However, later, the prime minister, as chairman of the Center for COVID-19

Situation Administration (CCSA), revoked the order and changed
the prohibition time for restaurant dining to 9:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.

This inconsistency of information led to confusion.

An important impact from the transmission of stirring information

through various communication channels is misunderstanding damaging
the person being referred to and society. In addition, the forwarding of

false information amid the COVID-19 outbreak led to misunderstandings
leading to a significant impact on recipients of the information.

In particular, it can lead to incorrect decisions that have negative effects
on health and life.

Reasons for Communication during the COVID-19 Outbreak
Leading to Social Crisis

(1) Senders

The government sector plays a central role as the primary sender

during times of crisis to guide society. However, during the COVID-19
outbreak, government communications struggled to build trust and,

at times, caused confusion in society, especially because the disease was
a novel challenge for humanity. Learning, understanding, and addressing