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(2) Disinformation serves a specific purpose with intention to cause
harm to an individual, group, or organization involving false references
to information with impostor content; for example, renowned nuclear
physicist, Dr. Keshe released a method for producing plasma to eliminate
the COVID-19 disease with 100% effectiveness. Warnings came from the
post office that people were contracting COVID-19 from letters or parcels.
Disinformation may also involve editing, counterfeiting, or cut-and-paste
techniques to manipulate the content.
(3) Outdated information was widely shared and became
misinformation. Even though the information was initially based on truth
and accuracy, over time, such information became outdated and no
longer reflected the current situation. The dissemination of outdated
information subsequently became misinformation by default and led
to misunderstandings in society. For instance, images and messages
circulated in December 2020 claimed that 11 northern provinces, namely
Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Phayao, Lampang, Lamphun, Uthai Thani, Uttaradit,
Kamphaeng Phet, Phitsanulok, Phetchabun, and Sukhothai, were declared
closed. However, this information was actually outdated and pertained
to events that occurred in April 2020.
(4) Disorder information arose from inconsistent or conflicting
information by the government and related agencies. For example, on
January 4, 2021, there was an order in Bangkok that prohibited restaurants