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Table 1: Conclusion of Thailand Peace Indexes between 2019 and 2021

Indicators 2019 2021 Status
P1 No physical violence 3.64 3.60 decreased
P2 Safety and Security in Society 3.23 3.29 increased

P3 Acceptance of acceptance of 3.33 3.44 increased
diversity/ Non-Discrimination/ Respect for
Human Rights

P4 Social equality and fair distribution of 3.26 3.35 increased
resources
ภาพรวม 3.37 3.42 increased

Note: Peace Score Criteria: Lowest Peace 1 – 1.80; Low Peace 1.81-2.60; Moderate Peace 2.61-3.40;

High Peace 3.41-4.20; and Highest Peace 4.21 – 5.00.

A Summary of Peace Scores at the Provincial Level

The calculation of the peace score, indexes, and the overall score of the provincial level
is derived from the data of sub-component indicators, the indexes, and four indicators of peace in

Thai society (P1: no physical violence; P2: safety and security in society; P3: acceptance of diversity/
non-discrimination/ respect for human rights; and P4: social equality and fair distribution of

resources). There are 5 groups of provinces according to the peace score as follows: 1) the provinces
with the lowest peace score are in the Dark Red Group; 2) the provinces with the lowest peace
score are in the Orange Group; 3) the provinces with a moderate peace score are in the Yellow

Group; 4) the provinces with a high peace score are in the Light Green Group; and 5) the provinces
with the highest peace score are in the Dark Green Group. When comparing the trends of peace
in Thai society from 2017, the first year of the research, to 2021, 5 out of 77 provinces ranked the

highest in peace score are Bangkok, Pathum Thani, Phuket, Chonburi, and Rayong, respectively. The
top 5 provinces with the lowest peace score are Mae Hong Son, Sa Kaeo, Pattani, Tak, and
Chaiyaphum, respectively.

When comparing the trends of peace in Thai society between 2019 and 2021, it is found

that most of the provinces with the high peace scores contain a high per capita income, such as
Bangkok, Pathum Thani, Phuket, and Chonburi. When classified by region, Bangkok and its
surrounding cities contain the highest peace score, followed by the East of Thailand.The North of

Thailand contains the lowest peace score. Details are shown in Table 2 and Figure 1.