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Now I would like to jump to more concrete example what we can learn from
peace processes in this world who have been relatively successful. To quantify that
we have in the world currently about 60 violent conflicts mainly involving nation
states or state nations as well as sub-groups in these states. And we have about
40 cases of the 60 cases where there is an effort for peace intervention like in the
deep south of Thailand. And I would like to share with you eight lessons learned
from other peace processes this which might be interesting to be applied in the deep
south of Thailand.
The first one is the inclusion of all state quotas on both sides, A and B is
crucial. It means practically the new chance we are getting now with revitalization of
the peace efforts in the south must urgently include the military wing of the BRN
would be successful.
Number two, we have an isometric conflict between an internationally recognized
state and the resistance movement struggling even with making itself visible and
recognizable to the world. And this is something where the parties must have an
interest to allow the BRN to come out more in the open because without that it will
be very difficult to negotiate any sustainable settlement.
Number three, all long-lasting conflicts and accordingly the peace processes have
made the experience that at the essence of these conflicts are emotions. And they
are very much about the recognition of people. So, demonstrating to the other side
the acknowledgement is a very important aspect.
The next point is about negative and positive peace. For those of you who this
term is not familiar. The negative peace, people in academia describes peace by
reducing violence. But peace means more. It also means something of justice. of
recognition, of fairness. This is often described as positive. I’m afraid if in the deep
south of Thailand, the negotiations are only about negative, and not also about
positive. Peace will be difficult to achieve progress.
Number five is at the end of the day, you need a substantive compromise if
you want to settle a conflict. In my understanding it means that at least some kind
of decentralization might be a practical first step in this direction. And because
I understand it will be very difficult to achieve such compromise only for the deep
south, it will be essential that this is also something which is implemented and
negotiated for the rest of the country.
Number six, I think the experience many other negotiating parties have collected
with creating infrastructures and spaces, public spaces for supporting peace processes
are essential point from which also the negotiations for the deep south can profit.
ª£¸²£ª±¡¡²¥¸h¡¢h¢µÈ which both sides can communicate more effectively. The next point is about that you
I hope very much that in the next round, there will be mechanisms created through
have to think about… Oh, no. I just realized I have to add one point here. If you
look around which peace processes have been most effective where those, where
civil societies and women participated, participation played a key role.
