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Senior Advisor South-East Asia, Berghof Foundation
Can we have the slides on display? Oh, already there. General Ekachai,
Ajarn Ekapanthu, distinguished co-panelists, ladies and gentlemen. It’s a pleasure for
me to be here. Thanks for the invitation from KPI. I was asked to contribute to this
panel with a few observations on what is happening in the international arena in this
respect, and what can we learn from international experiences with respect to the
transformation of political violence. By the way, are you all having the capacity to
hear me either in Thai or in English? The equipment is everywhere available. Ok,
thank you very much.
So, I would like to talk about three main topics.
The first one is to provide a brief reflection on the main drivers of violent
political conflicts in the current world, just as background information.
Number two, to provide a brief overview on lessons learned from the
transformation of violent political conflicts in various part of the world, and to make it
as practical as possible. I would like to apply these lessons learned on the conflict in
the deep south of the country.
The third point I would like to raise is about what are the implications when we
talk about multi-cultural democracy. What are the implications when we look at the
types of conflicts we are facing in our world, and to start already or to mention in
this context already. My main hypotheses is that if we like it or not in the foresee…
the future in this country as well as in other countries, most likely we will see more
rather than less conflicts. Therefore it is very important to think about how can we
prepare ourselves to be more effective to live and to survive in a world with many
complex conflicts.
Let me start with trends of violent political conflicts. I put some key words
there, but let me start with just two basic trends I see in this respect. We have on
the one hand a fundamental crisis of the international order, which many people
describe as an order of multilateralism particularly within the context of the United
Nations and other regional organizations. This order is increasingly put in question, not
only by the current President of the United States, but also by many other leaders,
influential leaders, in the current world. And what we see and that is the most painful
experience, we see this order of multilateralism particularly breaking down in the
Middle East and in North Africa, those regions of the world where most of the
ª£¸²£ª±¡¡²¥¸h¡¢h¢µÈ eight years to the increase in the level of violence, while over the last two decades
political violence is happening right now after the Arab Spring. And additionally, we
are also faced with the spread of violent extremism. These trends have led in the last
before, we have seen a lower level of political violence, but unfortunately that has
changed. Now this trend of reduced multilateralism in the world might also affect
