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Chicago, IL: Chicago (Illinois, the United States) use the funds from TIF to

develop an important historical building in the theater area in the downtown of
Chicago, which contributes to the beauty of the scenery and attracts more tourists
to visit.

2) Public improvement such as utilities (water, electricity, drainage and waste), roads,

communications, buildings, and the necessary infrastructures, benefits the public at large.
Such development is intended to attract private investment because it helps reduce costs for
the private sectors. More investment in the area means more local employment. In some
cases, the development of basic public services may include modifications to the local rules

and regulations of the zoning and the planning. Important tools can be used in the
development of basic public services such as TIF, loan from a financial institution, and the
issuance of bonds to finance the development of basic public services.

Examples

Indiana, USA: Indiana State used the TIF to invest in infrastructure such as
roads, electricity, water supply systems, and sewage systems to entice private
sectors like Subaru / ISUZU to invest in Tippecanoe and GM to build a truck and
bus plant in Allen.

Yokohama, Japan: Yokohama city was planning to develop the 6 projects of
infrastructures in 1983 to link the public transportation system to enhance and

promote the economic growth of the city. The project was comprised of the
developments of the inner-city expressway, subway, Yokohama Bay Bridge, a
new town in North Harbour, the land reclamation to establish Kanazawa District,

and the Minato Mirai 21 (a new harbor). The port project Minato Mirai 21 is a
long-term project and is still under construction.

3) Promoting Public-Private Partnerships: PPPs - From the definition of the World Bank
(2011), Public-Private Partnerships or PPPs implies agreement or joint action plan among
public and private sectors to provide public services such as infrastructure or utilities. The plan

or agreement of PPPs is often long-term (15 years or more) and includes many forms and
strategies. Nowadays, PPPs is very important to help the development of local economy by
promoting efficient public services. Moreover, the implementation of PPPs relieves the risks of

public sectors through the operations of private sectors. It is another potential funding source in