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A LEGAL IMPLEMENTATION OF ASEAN MUTUAL
RECOGNITION AGREEMENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
OF MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS
AND ENGINEERING SERVICES IN THAILAND
Mr. Tir Srinopnikom, Research Fellow,
Australian National University
Abstract:
As the construction of ASEAN Mutual Recognition
Agreements (MRAs) primarily bases on consensus and flexibility,
ASEAN’s style of imposing different approaches to mutual
recognition agreements (MRAs) result in a divert implementation
outcome at the country level. In this regard, the MRAs can
be categorised into three groups that reflect the degree of
cooperation intensity.
This paper compares the implementation of the MRAs
on medical practitioners and engineering services in Thailand.
The major national implementation consists of regulatory
reforms including the establishment of procedures to recognise
foreign medical practitioners and the dissemination of such
information to the public. This paper has found that language
barrier seems to be the most crucial impediment that results in
few number of foreign medical practitioners granted a permission
to work in the country. Contrastingly, MRA on engineering services
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