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14 การศึกษาความเคลื่อนไหวทางการเมือง และพฤติกรรมการเลือกตั้งสมาชิกสภาผู้แทนราษฎร 2562 จังหวัดพะเยา

Abstract

This study aims to examine political situation and contexts of 2019 election in Phayao

from pre-election to post-election periods. It elaborates patterns and methods implemented by
key actors including electoral candidates, the public, civil society organizations (CSO), political

groups, local and community leaders, governmental organizations, public organizations, and
other relevant organizations. Also, it clarifies the extent to which impacts of the election occur

towards these key actors. Employing qualitative methodology, data are collected through
documentary research and interviews. Key informants are purposively selected including

electoral candidates, voters, CSO members, political group members, local and community
leaders, and staff of relevant governmental organizations.

It is found that Thailand’s recent constitution and Phayao’s pre-election situation
and contexts led to the largest number of electoral candidate applications in Phayao’s

electoral history. In total, there were 65 applicants, most of whom (30 applicants) applied in

Constituency Number 3. Also, there were shifts of candidates between parties. This was crucial
and resulted in the shift of their supporters from these candidates’ old party to their new
party. In the public’s view, it is perceived that voters in the 2019 election were more active

than the past elections and the electoral system that was newly adopted for the election

has pros and cons.

Generally, the candidates’ campaigning patterns were directed to specific population
groups, e.g., campaigns of policies for farmers. Some campaigns promoted not only
the candidates in Phayao but also prime minister candidates nominated by their parties.

The candidates’ campaigning methods were both formal and informal. Formally, the campaigns

were designed for different age groups such as online and electronic channels for the younger
generation, television and radio for the older generation. Informally and illegally, vote-buying