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82 ENHANCING ELECTIONS AS INSTRUMENTS OF DEMOCRACY IN THE ASEAN REGION

2004 2010 2016

Balanced Scorecard Dimensions
Slow dispute adjudica- Reliance on Random The inability of
tion and case resolution Manual Audit (RMA) to COMELEC to impose

• Slow case resolution validate results penalties/ sanctions
due to the high num- • Existence of paper to election offenders
ber of complaints and ballots improved • COMELEC does not
excessive litigation. post-election auditing pursue, penalize or
COMELEC burdened but the non-deploy- apprehend parties
with original and ment of numerous or individuals who
appellate jurisdiction. security features violated election

put the burden of rules and guidelines

the audit to the (e.g. posting of
COMELEC’s RMA of campaign materials
a random sample of in unauthorized
precincts. areas, election day

• RMA issues noted: campaign material
• RMA process was distribution within
not a priority result- 30 meters of polling
ing in the lack of center, election
planning, resources, eve campaigning,
and support from campaign spending
COMELEC and beyond prescribed
other election cost per voter).

actors.
• Late identification
of precincts to be
audited.
• List of RMA precincts
not publicly available.