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King Prajadhipok’s Institute 15

C. Research Methodology

The study utilized the following methodologies for data

gathering and validation:

a. Desk Research: Review of primary documentary sources
obtained from the Commissions and secondary sources (e.g. reports,

statements) from relevant electoral organizations working with the
Commissions.

b. Key Informant Interviews and Participant Observation:
Interviews were conducted with key Commission officials and electoral
systems and electoral reform experts from the academe and civil society.

A joint-Educational trip of the KPI and Ateneo project teams to
observe the recently concluded Philippine national and local elections

(May 2016) was conducted, providing direct experience in pre-election
campaign activities, election day voting, and precinct management,
and post-election exit polls and canvassing of votes.

c. Multi-stakeholder workshops: Workshops with key Commission
officials and electoral systems and electoral reform experts from the

academe and civil society were facilitated to develop the prototype
indicators for Thailand and to validate the integrated framework and

model with stakeholders from the Philippines.

The project teams from KPI and the Ateneo also held
joint-workshops: an inception workshop in November 2015, and a workshop

to put together the integrated framework and model in November 2016.