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๏ The House of Representatives can pass a non-confidence resolution or
reject a confidence resolution against the Cabinet.

๏ The Diet approves the appointment of certain officials such as the
Governor of the bank of Japan.

๏ The Diet approves the conclusion of treaty.

๏ The Diet decides on the budget submitted by the Cabinet.

๏ The Diet conducts investigations in relation to government

๏ The Diet sets up the impeachment court and try those judges against
who? removal proceedings have been instituted.

๏ Both Houses of the Diet have almost the same functions. But the
House of Representatives has the preference over the House of
Councillors in dealing with legislative bills, budget and treaties, and in
dealing with the cases of designation of the Prime Minister and the
non-confidence resolution against the Cabinet. As to legislative bills,
the House of Representatives can override the decision of the House
of Councillors by the two thirds majority.

The Ca inet and ec ti e Branch rgani ations

The Cabinet is the supreme organ to exercise the executive power of the
government. The Cabinet is composed of the Prime Minister and other Ministers
of States whose number is prescribed by the Cabinet Law. At present
18 Ministers of State are appointed. Under the direction and supervision by the
Cabinet there are various Ministries, agencies and commissions for public
administration. Creation or abolition of these Ministries, Agencies or Commissions
must be decided by law.

Under the direction and supervision of the Minister, Administrative Vice
Minister, Directors of Bureaus, Departments and Divisions and other officials are
working in a Ministry. The Administrative Vice Minister and other Vice Ministers
and other officials below them are professional civil servants recruited through
rigorous merit-based examinations and screening procedure and promoted step
by step starting from the low level positions. There is no room for nepotism.
They are required to work for the interests of whole society fairly and เอกสารประกอบการอภิปรายร่วมระหว่างผู้แทนจากต่างประเทศ
impartially and are under strict disciplines and ethical requirements. These
officials with various social, regional and educational backgrounds are expected
to reflect various views and opinions and concerns in the government policies
and activities.