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we have information and more we can detect even some of the very subtle
changes that are taking place.
Here we have the links to the indices and the very latest data, including
2017, should be on line as from today or from tomorrow. This data is freely
available for researchers and policy makers, and we would very much like to
see that researchers make use of this data.
I would like to end with the key message, which is the recognition that
I think many of you are very much aware of. Democracy-building can be very
challenging and doesn’t necessarily represent a linear path. Democratization,
it’s a process; at times fragile, and vulnerable to stand still, delays, setbacks,
and backsliding, and often democratic ideals are easier to endorse in principle
than to realize in practice. As our keynote speaker, Professor Peter, also
indicated democracy is not an all-or-nothing affair but rather shifting continue.
However, we believe that those ideals, globally, are over pursuing globally as
well as here in Thailand. Thank you very much.
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Thank you very much, Leena. That was a very brief and concise
conceptualization framework of democracy. It’s quite happy, in the beginning, to
see that the indices cover 42 years, that we have seen increase in
representative government, fundamental rights, checks on government, impartial
administration. However, the last 5 years, we might not be happy so much to
see that, that increase throughout the 40 some years is declining. Especially,
when we look at this country in particular, Thailand has the increase in many
aspects, for example, in basic world fare, in general quality and social rights.
In some of the challenges that we still face, and perhaps, we will be able to
learn from our speakers today. We’ll be able to get the increasing from all
these that are inclusive suffrage, representative government, elected
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government, and fundamental rights that we still have the challenge in declining.
We might have to have some increasing, otherwise, we will be downturn in this
democratic society.
So, with that indices on the global level, we now shift to the United
Kingdom, Europe, from Professor Sebastian Payne now.
