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King Prajadhipok’s Institute 5
Contents
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations 7
I. Introduction 13
A. Background and Objectives of the Project 13
B. Framework of Analysis 14
C. Research Methodology 15
II. Profiles of Independent Electoral Commissions
in the Philippines and Thailand 21
A. Overview 21
B. Philippines: The Commission on Elections (COMELEC) 23
Brief History 23
Political Complex 25
COMELEC Challenges and Performance Assessment 60
C. Thailand: The Election Commission of Thailand (ECT) 85
Brief History and Political Context 85
D. Comparative IEC Patterns and Trends 115
III. Comparative IEC Performance Indicator Frameworks
for the Philippines and Thailand 125
A. Overview 125
B. Philippines: IEC Performance Indicator Frameworks 125
Organizational Performance Indicator Framework (OPIF) 125
COMELEC Strategic Plans 129
