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สถาบันพระปกเกล้า ครั้งที่ 23 35
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expression, and privacy rights. For example, authorities and sectors in many
countries require their governments to acknowledge and protect the rights and
freedoms of people by enforcing the law. At the same time, from a perspective of
security, some significant situations, namely pandemic, economic depression,

terrorism, and technological progress, may cause new forms of criminal activity such
as cybercrime. As national security is challenged by these factors and events, some
democratic countries exercise their power through the legislative, executive, and

judicial processes to prioritize security over rights and freedoms in particular
circumstances. For example, a terrorist suspect may not be provided the due
process of law. Furthermore, the government may invoke national security interests
to access personal data or to limit access to government information.

The conflict between the idea of protecting the people’s rights and freedoms
and the government exercising its power for national security has become an
important matter in democratic countries including Thailand, and it has caused
controversy. Therefore, this group will discuss how social, economic, political, and
technological factors affect the definition of and perspective on national security to

balance it with the protection of people’s rights and freedoms harmoniously in the
landscape of democracy.

Main topics:

1) Dynamic change in economics, politics, society, and technology from the
perspective of national security.

2) Relationship between a national security perspective and people’s rights

and freedoms.

3) Balancing national security and people’s rights and freedoms in democracy.